Grain harvesters

One of the most famous types of grain harvesters are grain harvesters. During the work of this technique, several subsequent operations occur immediately.

Features of cleaning grain crops with combines

Combines are rightly considered one of the most reliable methods of grain cleaning. During the cleaning of the combine occurs several operations at once and automates 3 functions: reapers, threshers and shovels.

During the cleaning of grain crops, the combine first started cutting the ears. Further, it occurs in the threshing floor, where the grain is threshed.

In this way, the grain separates from the cork and moves to the hopper, and then unloads from it mechanically. It should be noted that this is the way to be a priority.

Of course, the combine is not an ideal tool for the full cycle of grain cleaning, although it has its own characteristics.

The main reason, it turns out, is that combine harvesters can not work in certain conditions:

  • this equipment is not intended for work in the dark hours of the day, so the collection of grain with the help of a combine in the evening and at night is simply not possible.

  • The operation of the combine directly depends on the weather conditions. It is impossible to use the technique for grain harvesting during the rainy season.

  • The combine will not be able to work immediately after planting.

  • with large field congestion with the help of this special equipment can not collect grain.

Thus, the combine harvester for grain cleaning is the most convenient and practical, but it is not always used.

Types of grain harvesters

There is a huge number of the most different types of grain harvesters, each of which is suitable under these or other conditions, and has its advantages and disadvantages. Let's look at each of the species in more detail.

On the principle of operation of grain harvesters are divided into:

  1. Drums. This type of combine is a classic and it is mostly used. This is one of the simplest and least expensive types of combines. Such combines are able to work in such so-called "difficult conditions", for example, with large grain fields, which is quite difficult to do with other types of combines.

  2. Rotary. Grain harvesters of this type work quite fast. It is more effective to use a similar technique for harvesting a large crop. The main disadvantage of a rotary combine is energy efficiency. Such a combine consumes a large amount of fuel, so it is not always used for harvesting. The price of this type of combine is significantly higher than the rest.

  3. Hybrids. This is one of the most popular options. This combine combines itself as a drum, as well as a rotary motor. Such a combine works quickly and sharply. A hybrid combine can work at high grain yields and is not afraid of morning weeds. The price of such a combine is average, which allows you to actively use it during the harvest.

According to the aggregated method, grain harvesters are subdivided into the following categories:

  • Self-propelled barges. As it is known, this is one of the most common types of combine harvesters, which are actively used for cleaning grain crops.

  • Suspended. It is often used for harvesting crops.

  • Trailers. For this type of combine we need a tractor, so how it works only with it.

Trailer grain combine

Trailer grain combine is one of the most common types of agricultural machinery. This machine has a number of advantages in comparison with other variants. As it was said above, in order to use a trailer combine, you need a tractor. Special equipment connects with each other, and the trailer serves as a place for harvesting, and the tractor becomes a navigator.

The tractor is the key link and directs the trailer grain combine on the right route.

Among the trailer models of grain harvesters, you can distinguish such as:

  • PN-100 "Space" for the separation of all seeds and fruits or grain from the pulp of the ears, twigs or buds;

  • "Ross-2" is used for loading, shredding and loading in the body of high-quality fodder, silage corn;

  • ÊÊÏ-2 «ÊÓÁÀÍÜ», we need to dry seeds and natural plants.

With the help of a trailer grain harvester, you can easily and simply collect the harvest, at the expense of using the tractor, productivity significantly increases.

Large combines

Large combine harvesters for cleaning grain crops are in great demand, and it is worth considering the high prices. Large machinery possesses great power. Horsepower in large combines is significantly larger, and it increases productivity. All this allows the most productive to harvest.

Large combines are ideal for large fields.

Among the grain-harvesting equipment, one of the most powerful today is "New Holland" CR10.90, the capacity of which is 652 horsepower. Large models are produced by OHN DEERE in the STS series. For example, the grain combine STS model 9870 has a capacity of 440 liters. ñ. The power of the model & nbsp; 612C can reach 480 hp

The company "Claas" is engaged in the production of large combines in Russia.

Mini-combines for cleaning grain crops

Mini-combines for cleaning grain crops are suitable for small fields and have a number of advantages. These types of combines are quite economical: energy consumption is significantly lower, and, consequently, less fuel is consumed.

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Mini-combine:

  • Easily carry at their expense a small weight. It is mobility that is their main plus;

  • this is an ideal option for cleaning a small field;

  • the cost is significantly lower than classical models. This is an excellent opportunity to save, but at the same time get quality equipment.

At the expense of the fact that it is better to use a combine under certain conditions, it is not necessary to call it universal.

Construction of a grain harvester

The schematic arrangement of the grain harvester looks like this:

  • cutting machine for cutting stems;

  • motor device (motovilo) for winding and direction of stems further on the conveyor;

  • reaper platform on which the auger carries the cut mass to the center of the reaper;

  • fingers pushing stems into inclined camera;

  • conveyor for feeding masses in the receiving chamber of threshers;

  • stonemason who holds stones from falling into a threshing drum;

  • threshing drum for grinding ears;

  • deca, through which the transporting lattice gets milled grain, small primes and polova;

  • straw, where unwashed ears are thrown on the keys and when vibrating straw is separated from the grain;

  • decide, through which the grain passes;

  • fan that releases air under the grid for one more cleaning;

  • grain hopper:

  • pallet on which unfinished ears are served:

  • auger auger rotating unbroken wheels in a threshing drum;

  • grinder or straw extractor.

Sometimes the straw is spread on the combine in a roller without crushing. Such straw is collected by balers in the distance.

In rotary combines, instead of three units, and namely a threshing drum, a beating bit and a straw, a longitudinal rotor is used. Such equipment reduces grain loss and increases productivity. But for a rotary combine you need a more powerful engine and a certain humidity.

In addition to the usual, used reapers, which increase the productivity during the cleaning of wind and grain crops.

Various modifications are additionally used for grain combine adaptation:

  • double grinding machines;

  • crawler type chassis;

  • low slice and for cleaning corn.

Production of grain harvesters

Russia occupies a leading position in the production of grain harvesters and is the largest supplier in the most diverse countries. The main buyers of Russian combine harvesters are domestic agrarians and countries of the post-Soviet space.

Examples of new and traditional grain harvesters

All types of combine harvesters that are used today for harvesting, are significantly different from the machinery that was used by farmers 100 years ago. Schematic division of old and new is connected with the general scheme of work of machines.

Traditional models include grain drums of the drum type. Rotor and hybrid - these are new species.

Traditional grain harvester ACROS 585 | 550 has an increased load capacity (maximum 3 tons), uses a conveyor reel and a drum of increased diameter. All this gives the opportunity to increase productivity.

New grain rotary combine TORUM - one of the most high-performance in the world, which can grind 40 tons of grain per hour.

Tucano 470 is related to hybrid models: when working technically, it is possible to separately regulate the process of separation and separation.

New combines have greater power and faster handling of large fields, but the design of this technique is much more complicated than traditional ones. On the other hand, in the case of traditional combines, the speed of delivery of grain mass can not be increased above 3.5 m / s, then, as in the case of new machines, such a restriction does not exist. This means that the classical scheme of wrapping has reached the ceiling of production.

It is important to note that new combines are more resistant to drought during the dry season, and less effective in the southern regions of the country. But this technique has a much higher production potential. It is possible to say that both traditional and new combines have their own field of application in the industry.

What grain harvesters can be found in domestic agricultural complexes?

Grain combine Polesie

Grain harvesters Polesie is an excellent option for quality and satisfactory grain cleaning. Combines of Polesie are produced in Belarus. KDP-3000 "POLESIE" carefully downloads corn in the phases of real and waxing grain, sunflower, sorghum and other successful high-yielding crops.

Combine Polesie can aggregate with tractors of 2-5 traction classes with the power of a power unit of 150 to 250 horsepower.

Grain combine Niva

The Niva or SK-5 combine harvester went off the assembly line for the first time in seventy years. On the basis of the combine were created specialized modifications for cleaning the rice or work on slopes with a slope of up to 30 degrees. This technique is not in demand today.

Combine of Russian production is intended for cleaning grain crops. With the latest modification of the famous brand of combine harvesters SK-5 there is a model and Niva Effect.

Among the benefits you can highlight:

  • reliability;

  • ease of use;

  • budget price for combine and cost of spare parts.

Yenisei grain harvester

Grain combine Yenisei began to produce Krasnoyarsk combine plant in 1985. Initially, the equipment was called Yenisei-1200.

After a series of modifications appeared Yeniseem-950 grain harvester, which was put into operation before the closure of the plant in 2013. The combine uses an engine SMD-22 or D442-50 with a power of 103 kW. The height of the cut is from 5 to 18 cm.

Other well-known models are: 954, 960, 1200-1, 1200H (non-terrestrial), 1200R (rice).

Grain harvester Don

Grain combine Don represented one of the models of cleaning equipment in the USSR. Combines of various modifications have been produced at the Rostselmash plant for more than 20 years. Combine Don is related to the technique of the traditional type with a mechanism of the drum type. Due to the use of various auxiliary equipment and a large area of ​​drums, as well as a soft blanket, the machine in a state to remove various types of crops with minimal crop losses.

Later, in exchange for combine harvesters, Don came the Vector and Acros series.

Grain harvester Acros

Akros Series of Combine Grain Combines includes several models adapted to different operating conditions. The series includes combines: 550, 560, 580, 585, 590, 595.

Technological indicators of the combine give the opportunity to harvest and early grain, corn and sunflower. The Acros combine will be able to process up to 1,000 hectares of land during the season.

From the functional features of the technique can be noted:

  • super drum, the diameter of which is 800 mm, gives the opportunity to work with frozen, wet, twisted bread and provide 95% separation, and therefore, and a significant reduction in the risk of grain damage;
  • high-powered drive with Posi-Torque type device, which significantly increases the productivity of the combine;

  • Precise configuration, necessary for setting the exact gap for optimal coverage. If the beating is still happening, the Deep Jam device will quickly fix the problem.

Grain harvester John Deere

John Deere combine harvester is one of the most sought after combine harvesters in the world. According to statistical data, half of the world's harvest is harvested by American combine harvesters of the brand John Deere. In Russia, the most common modification is the John Deere-9500 combine.

John Deere 9500 Combine Features:

  • winding system consisting of a drum and a bit with a lattice for separation;

  • equipped with 6 long keys active strawmaker;

  • transverse thrush mass of finger type;

  • system of preliminary grain cleaning.

John Deere combine harvesters use such technical innovations as the electronic control system with Info Trak monitor, leveling and copying equipment (Hillmaster does not give the machine to turn over, and Contour Master allows the technician to run the machine). / p>

The main shortage of combine harvester John Deere is too high a price to compare with domestic machinery.

Zarya grain mini-combine

Zarya grain mini-combine is the ideal solution for cleaning small areas. The minimum weight of the combine allows you to work on loose soil without causing knocks. At the expense of the side branch of the finished grain combine can work in the complex with trucks. The peculiarities of the construction allow for the cleaning of low-yielding cultures and ensure high throughput in the fields.

An important difference from another technician is that the mini-combine Zarya does not have a cab, and is equipped with a driver's seat, which, if necessary, is supplemented by a flexible roof.

Zarya mini-combine has a budget cost and low fuel consumption, due to which this equipment is very popular among farmers.

Grain mini-combine Volvo

Volvo grain mini-combine is a real old man among other agricultural machinery. The main feature of the Volvo combine comes in the fact that this model is optimal for small angles.

Among the technical features of the machine can be marked:

  • 4-cylinder diesel engine;

  • bed width 2.7 m;

  • grain hopper with a capacity of 1 m 3 .

Volvo combine is designed for cleaning grain crops, sunflower and soybeans.

What is better: buying or renting a combine harvester for cleaning grain

Buying even a used combine is a serious investment. There is one more option of using this technique - rent. When choosing one of the specified methods, it is important to specify how many seasons and for cleaning what area we need a combine.

If the combine is needed only for harvesting one crop and in the long run it will not be needed, then it is necessary to consider the possibility of rent, it will go to a small budget.

If the harvest is going to happen every year, then it is better to consider buying a combine harvester, so it will be practical.

Where to buy a mini-combine for cleaning grain crops in Russia

Buy a mini-combine for cleaning grain crops in Russia can be done directly by the manufacturer. Another option is to buy at the dealer, representing the manufacturer in the region.

Many offers for sale can be found on the bulletin boards on the Internet. Online boards contain information about new and used equipment.

When choosing any of the listed options, it is important to note that the warranty and service for the selected equipment is possible only when buying new combines from manufacturers and their representatives. On the other hand, the retained options will be cheaper.

Services for cleaning grain harvesters

Large transport companies with a large fleet of state-owned agricultural machinery offer services for cleaning grain harvesters of various models. In the state of motor transport enterprises there are experienced mechanics, combine harvesters, who have a lot of experience with machinery. With the help of the service of cleaning grain harvesters, there is no need to buy a machine, all the care about the harvest is given to the agro-enterprise.

Sale of grain harvesters

When renovating an old fleet of agricultural machinery or changing the activities of an agrarian enterprise, there is often a need for the sale of grain harvesters. You can do this with the help of online bulletin boards. It is important to explain all the features of the combine, technical indicators and place real photos.

Manufacturers and suppliers of grain harvesters

Russia is constantly increasing the pace of development of the agricultural sector.

Therefore, grain harvesters are the most demanded equipment, production and supply of which different companies are engaged:

  • Rostselmash is the leader among domestic producers of universal grain harvesters. From the conveyor of the enterprise there are models: RSM 161, TORUM 780 | 750, ACROS 595, ACROS 585/550, VECTOR 450 Track, VECTOR 425/410 and adapters. Rostselmash has a large dealer network in Russia and abroad;

  • The company "Agromashholding", which is a part of the concern "Tractor Plants", produces grain harvesters AGROMASH 5000, AGROMASH 4000, AGROMASH 3000;

  • CJSC Bryanskselmash offers grain harvesters KZS-812, KZS-1218, KZS-10K and KZS-1218A-1, as well as service, repair and supply of spare parts;

  • CJSC "Agrotechmash" - TERRION - specializes in the supply of agricultural machinery and spare parts to him. The company supplies combines series SR2010, SR2000, SR3000, SR3085 SUPERIOR.

In the Russian Federation, the plants of such leading world holdings as CASE IN, New Holland, and AGCO operate.

Many manufacturers and suppliers of grain harvesters take part in the annual exhibition Agroprodmash.